Review and provenance

Specialist reviewer: not recorded. Review date: not recorded.

Dataset workflow: not recorded. This is separate from specialist review.

Confidence describes the stated assessment; it does not certify expert approval. How review works.

Evidence and sources

  • informs · provides site history
    Jebel Barkal Archaeological Project: Historical Summary — Jebel Barkal Archaeological Project, University of Michigan

    Provides the site sequence.


    Locator: Historical summary; Kerma material, Egyptian occupation c. 1500–1070 BCE, and later local kingdom
  • informs · provides environmental observation
    Holocene Nile dynamics shaped the physical and cultural landscape of ancient Nubia — Peeters, Jan, Winkels, Timotheus G., Wolf, Pawel, Skuldbøl, Tim B. B., Chamberlain, Elizabeth L., Büchner-Matthews, Saskia, Elamin, Sami M., Mohamed, El Hassan A., Emberling, Geoff (2026)

    Provides the geomorphic and floodplain context for enduring settlement.


    Locator: Abstract and results synthesis; 26 sediment cores and Late Holocene Nile stability
  • informs · locates
    Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region — UNESCO World Heritage Centre

    Provides authoritative site identification and coordinate.


    Locator: World Heritage List 1073; mapped coordinate N18°32′13.2″ E31°49′40.9″

Where to go next

Referenced records