What is the evidence?

observation

A large fortified complex operated beside a reliable water location at Jabal Radhania near Lizq.

Inspect the sources →
Review and provenance

Specialist reviewer: not recorded. Review date: not recorded.

Dataset workflow: proposed. This is separate from specialist review.

Confidence describes the stated assessment; it does not certify expert approval. How review works.

Chronology

Dating intervals may describe uncertainty or phases; their width alone does not establish event duration.

Preferred assertion

1200 BCE–800 BCE

Precision: broad archaeological range

Chronology model: Lizq Early Iron Age chronology

moderate

Architecture and ceramic comparisons place the fort in the late second to early first millennium, but the absolute sequence remains broad.

Interpretation and caveats

The fort reflects localized aggregation and defensive architecture. The missing village and broad chronology prevent reconstruction of a territorial state.

Event context

Classification

Event type: fortified settlement use

Evidence layer: archaeological

Timeline role: regional core

Why it matters to the timeline

The fort adds defensible settlement and water-position evidence for Oman’s Early Iron emergence.

Research notes

  • Provides the excavation evidence and chronology. Role: provides archaeological observation. Locator: pp. 159–220; fort architecture, pottery and water setting.

Evidence and sources

Where to go next

Referenced records