What is the evidence?

observation

Assyrian rulers from Adad-nerari II through Ashurnasirpal II and Shalmaneser III rebuilt imperial capacity and expanded western campaigning during the ninth century BCE.

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Review and provenance

Specialist reviewer: not recorded. Review date: not recorded.

Dataset workflow: proposed. This is separate from specialist review.

Confidence describes the stated assessment; it does not certify expert approval. How review works.

Chronology

Dating intervals may describe uncertainty or phases; their width alone does not establish event duration.

Preferred assertion

911 BCE–824 BCE

Precision: approximate

high

Preferred display range for this event. It preserves positive BCE ordering and does not suppress narrower contexts or alternative chronology models.

Interpretation and caveats

The development forms part of the geopolitical world in which Cypriot city-kingdoms became historically visible, without proving direct control of Cyprus by 800 BCE.

Event context

Classification

Event type: state consolidation and expansion

Evidence layer: textual historical

Timeline role: general world context

Why it matters to the timeline

A major early first-millennium geopolitical development relevant to the later documentary visibility of eastern Mediterranean polities.

Research notes

  • Anchors early Neo-Assyrian chronology and claims. Role: provides primary text editions. Locator: Royal inscriptions, 911–859 BCE.
  • Separates later political evidence from earlier reconstruction. Role: contextualizes. Locator: Historically attested Cypriot polities.

Evidence and sources

Where to go next

Referenced records