What is the evidence?

observation

Shoshenq I emerged from Libyan-associated elite networks within Egypt and established the early Twenty-Second Dynasty.

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Review and provenance

Specialist reviewer: not recorded. Review date: not recorded.

Dataset workflow: proposed. This is separate from specialist review.

Confidence describes the stated assessment; it does not certify expert approval. How review works.

Chronology

Dating intervals may describe uncertainty or phases; their width alone does not establish event duration.

Preferred assertion

950 BCE–920 BCE

Precision: range

moderate

This assertion records the event’s preferred range without suppressing narrower samples, phase uncertainty, or competing chronology noted elsewhere in the record.

Alternative assertion

945 BCE–924 BCE

Precision: regnal range

Chronology model: Kitchen conventional chronology

moderate

Common conventional reign range, preserved separately from the slightly lower Hornung–Krauss–Warburton model.

Alternative assertion

943 BCE–922 BCE

Precision: regnal range

Chronology model: Hornung–Krauss–Warburton chronology

moderate

A slightly lower chronology retained as a separate assertion rather than averaged with the conventional range.

  • informs · provides chronology
    Ancient Egyptian Chronology — Hornung, Erik, Krauss, Rolf, Warburton, David A., editors (2006)

    Provides the 943–922 BCE range.


    Locator: p. 474

Interpretation and caveats

The transition demonstrates incorporation and transformation within Egyptian institutions. It does not represent rule by a unified external Libyan nation over all Egypt or a Twenty-Second Dynasty empire across North Africa.

Event context

Classification

Event type: dynastic transition and consolidation

Evidence layer: archaeological

Timeline role: regional core

Why it matters to the timeline

This event directly documents the North African research scope in Egypt and western frontier. It is included for its regional evidence rather than merely because it is contemporary.

Research notes

  • Provides the political and social interpretation. Role: contextualizes. Locator: pp. 51–65.
  • Provides the absolute chronology range. Role: provides chronology. Locator: Third Intermediate Period chronology chapters.

Evidence and sources

Where to go next

Referenced records