Bronze Age World

Reading ancient testimony

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Document and modern access

Type: journal article and excavation synthesis
Publication: Antiquity, vol. 93, no. 369, 645–663

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

date assertion Must Farm — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
date assertion Flag Fen — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
date assertion Flag Fen Basin later Bronze Age wetland landscape — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: very high
informs · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: very high
informs · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
date assertion Middle Bronze Age channel-edge activity preceding Must Farm settlement — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
supports · dates · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
date assertion Occupation and destruction by fire of the Must Farm pile settlement — date assertion
Evidence confidence: very high
supports · dates · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
date assertion Flag Fen timber complex construction and maintenance — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
supports · dates · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
property Continuity and adaptation
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
property Exceptional wetland preservation
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
entity Flag Fen
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines or contextualizes · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
entity Must Farm
Evidence confidence: very high
supports · defines or contextualizes · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
entity Flag Fen Basin later Bronze Age wetland landscape
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · defines or contextualizes · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
geography assertion Flag Fen Basin later Bronze Age wetland landscape — geography assertion
Evidence confidence: low
supports · locates or defines geometry · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Regional palaeolandscape maps and discussion.
geography assertion Must Farm — geography assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · locates or defines geometry · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Site plan and landscape map.
event Occupation and destruction by fire of the Must Farm pile settlement
Evidence confidence: very high
supports · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
event Flag Fen timber complex construction and maintenance
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
event Middle Bronze Age channel-edge activity preceding Must Farm settlement
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides evidence and date · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
property assignment Flag Fen Basin later Bronze Age wetland landscape — has analytical property — Research reconstruction, not a border
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports assignment · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
property assignment Must Farm — has analytical property — Exceptional wetland preservation
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports assignment · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
property assignment Flag Fen — has analytical property — Exceptional wetland preservation
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports assignment · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
property assignment Must Farm — has analytical property — Continuity and adaptation
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports assignment · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
claim Climate and hydrology may have contributed to particular British and Irish changes, but current evidence does not support one climate event as a sufficient universal cause.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports claim · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
claim Developer-led archaeology disproportionately improves evidence in construction corridors and intensively developed lowlands, leaving quieter rural, upland and offshore zones les…
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports claim · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
claim Settlement visibility varies strongly by geology, preservation, survey history, excavation strategy and modern development.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports claim · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
claim Must Farm's apparent completeness is partly a product of catastrophic burning into a waterlogged channel and should not be used as a normal settlement baseline.
Evidence confidence: very high
supports · supports claim · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
claim River, bog, lake-edge, cave and marine deposits should not be collapsed into one 'watery ritual' category.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports claim · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
claim Population estimates for later Bronze Age Britain and Ireland remain low precision and should not be inferred directly from site counts or enclosure area.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports claim · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Must Farm — within archaeological search frame — Southern and eastern England archaeological search region
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Flag Fen — within archaeological search frame — Southern and eastern England archaeological search region
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Middle Bronze Age channel-edge activity preceding Must Farm settlement — precedes but is not same settlement — Occupation and destruction by fire of the Must Farm pile settlement
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Flag Fen — within reconstructed palaeolandscape — Flag Fen Basin later Bronze Age wetland landscape
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Must Farm — within reconstructed palaeolandscape — Flag Fen Basin later Bronze Age wetland landscape
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
relationship Flag Fen — shares wetland landscape with — Must Farm
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
causal hypothesis Regionally asynchronous continuity and reorganization model
Evidence confidence: high
supports · tests hypothesis · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.
causal hypothesis Local environmental and hydrological contribution model
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · tests hypothesis · Abstract; palaeolandscape; earlier channel activity; discussion; conclusions; Figure 2
Publishes the exceptional Must Farm pile settlement, its earlier channel structures and the Flag Fen Basin palaeolandscape.