Bronze Age World

Citation metadata

Type: journal article
Publication: iScience, vol. 29, no. 1, 114349
Peer reviewed: Yes

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

geography assertion Surungur — geography assertion
Evidence confidence: high
informs · locates · 39°57′23.8428″N, 71°15′27.9432″E
Provides the published site coordinate.
relationship Surungur — located in — Tien Shan highlands and piedmonts
Evidence confidence: high
informs · locates · Published coordinate and regional setting
Provides the location.
causal hypothesis Recurrent highland-lowland social networks moved crops through the Tien Shan and Pamir-Alay before any historically documented Silk Road.
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · proposes interpretation · Highland-lowland connectivity synthesis
Provides the early crop-dispersal evidence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides scientific evidence · Direct date for Surungur foxtail millet
Provides the crop identification and calibrated range.
entity Surungur
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides scientific evidence · Surungur direct date and coordinate
Provides the crop identification, chronology and location.
event Foxtail millet reaches Surungur in the Pamir-Alay highlands
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides scientific evidence · Direct date for Surungur foxtail millet
Provides the crop identification and calibrated range.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides scientific evidence · Direct date for Surungur foxtail millet
Provides the crop identification and calibrated range.
relationship Local Late Bronze Age crop cultivation at Tasbas — supports local adoption after — Foxtail millet reaches Surungur in the Pamir-Alay highlands
Evidence confidence: low
informs · provides scientific evidence · Surungur date
Provides the earlier crop context.
date assertion Surungur — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides scientific evidence · Surungur direct date and coordinate
Provides the crop identification, chronology and location.
date assertion Foxtail millet reaches Surungur in the Pamir-Alay highlands — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides scientific evidence · Direct date for Surungur foxtail millet
Provides the crop identification and calibrated range.
claim A site coordinate marks a research location, not the ancient settlement footprint, catchment, polity or cultural boundary.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · locates · Published Surungur coordinate
Provides a highland point.
claim The appearance of millet, wheat or barley in a new highland context demonstrates crop movement or cultivation, not a specific migrating people.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides scientific evidence · Directly dated Surungur millet
Provides the early highland crop evidence.
claim Tien Shan and Pamir-Alay highland economies included farming, close herd management, seasonal movement and exchange in varying combinations.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides scientific evidence · Early highland crop dates
Provides longer-term crop connectivity.
claim The 1600-800 BCE map should not draw linear Silk Road routes.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports assignment and caveat · Highland-lowland connectivity discussion
Shows connectivity without a single route.