Bronze Age World

Reading ancient testimony

Ask who produced the document, for whom, and for what purpose. Distinguish its ancient creation from its modern edition or translation. Survival and excavation shape what can be read today.

Use the linked edition and reliability notes for the author, audience, transmission and limits of this particular source. Missing information is not an assurance of neutrality.

Document and modern access

Type: journal article
Publication: Journal of Archaeological Science, vol. 33, no. 11, 1514-1535

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

geography assertion Sidon — geography assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · locates · harbour stratigraphy and geoarchaeology
Supports identification and archaeological location of Sidon; the point is a representative site locator, not an excavation footprint.
date assertion Sidon — date assertion
informs · provides archaeological observation · harbour stratigraphy and geoarchaeology
Supports the site description, phase range, or principal research relevance.
event Formation and expansion of early Phoenician coastal networks
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · Sidon harbour geoarchaeology
Provides physical maritime context.
causal hypothesis Coastal continuity and network reorganization model
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · harbour history
Physical continuity.
relationship Sidon — located in — Northern coast and Phoenician links
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · harbour stratigraphy and geoarchaeology
Supports the site description, phase range, or principal research relevance.
date assertion Formation and expansion of early Phoenician coastal networks — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · Sidon harbour geoarchaeology
Provides physical maritime context.
geography assertion Northern coast and Phoenician links — geography assertion
Evidence confidence: low
informs · provides archaeological observation · Sidon harbour geoarchaeology
Anchors maritime landscape and harbour continuity.
entity Sidon
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · harbour stratigraphy and geoarchaeology
Supports the site description, phase range, or principal research relevance.
claim Early Phoenician formation combined Late Bronze coastal continuity with Iron Age innovation and wider maritime expansion.
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · harbour sequence
Provides long-term coastal continuity.