Bronze Age World

Citation metadata

Type: journal article
Publication: Archaeology and History of Lebanon, vol. 52–53, 102–132
Peer reviewed: Yes

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

event Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit
Evidence confidence: high
informs · establishes · pp. 102–132
Source relationship recorded for Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit.
date assertion Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · establishes · pp. 102–132
claim Most of Ugarit burned and the city was abandoned; weapon finds strongly support violent assault, but the attackers’ identity is not securely established.
Evidence confidence: high
informs · establishes
Supports the claim: Most of Ugarit burned and the city was abandoned; weapon finds strongly support violent assault, but the attackers’ identity is not securely established.
chronology model Broad early-12th-century Ugarit destruction range
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · provides or supports date model
Supports or discusses the chronology model Broad early-12th-century Ugarit destruction range.
claim Ugarit was probably destroyed in an armed assault, but the archaeological evidence does not by itself identify a unified Sea Peoples force as the attacker.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports
Supports the claim: Ugarit was probably destroyed in an armed assault, but the archaeological evidence does not by itself identify a unified Sea Peoples force as the attacker.
claim Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit is best dated in this release to approximately 1193–1186 BCE under one synchronism; broadly early 12th century BCE.
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports
Supports the claim: Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit is best dated in this release to approximately 1193–1186 BCE under one synchronism; broadly early 12th century BCE.
property assignment Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — has research status — Cause Unknown
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports assignment
The event is better established than a single definitive cause or attacker identity.
property assignment Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — is a — Destruction Horizon
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports assignment
Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit is represented as a destruction-related archaeological event; cause and synchronism are modeled separately.
property assignment Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — is a — Violent Destruction
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports assignment
The archaeological and contextual evidence makes deliberate human violence a serious interpretation, while specific attackers remain uncertain.
property assignment Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — has research status — Chronology Disputed
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports assignment
The date materially depends on competing chronological, ceramic, textual, or archaeological models.
entity Ugarit / Ras Shamra
Evidence confidence: very high
supports · supports entity record
Supports the existence, description, classification, or historical context of Ugarit.
entity Kingdom of Ugarit
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports entity record
Supports the existence, description, classification, or historical context of Kingdom of Ugarit.
relationship Kingdom of Ugarit — located in — Northern Levant
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship
Kingdom of Ugarit is located in or geographically associated with Northern Levant.
relationship Ugarit / Ras Shamra — located in — Northern Levant
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship
Ugarit is located in or geographically associated with Northern Levant.
relationship Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — affected — Kingdom of Ugarit
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship
Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit directly affected Kingdom of Ugarit in this reconstruction.
relationship Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — occurred in — Ugarit / Ras Shamra
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship
Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit is geographically assigned to Ugarit.
relationship Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit — affected — Ugarit / Ras Shamra
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports relationship
Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit directly affected Ugarit in this reconstruction.
relationship Ugarit / Ras Shamra — capital of — Kingdom of Ugarit
Evidence confidence: very high
supports · supports relationship
The archaeological site of Ugarit was the capital of the kingdom of Ugarit.
relationship Ugarit date from the Chancellor Bay synchronism — chronologically depends on — Destruction and Abandonment of Ugarit
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports relationship
The narrower date depends on synchronizing Ugarit's final texts with named rulers and Egyptian chronology.