Reading ancient testimony

Ask who produced the document, for whom, and for what purpose. Distinguish its ancient creation from its modern edition or translation. Survival and excavation shape what can be read today.

Use the linked edition and reliability notes for the author, audience, transmission and limits of this particular source. Missing information is not an assurance of neutrality.

Document and modern access

Type
journal article
Publication
Levant, vol. 48, no. 2, 155-178

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

  • geography assertion Timna Valley — geography assertion
    Evidence confidence: moderate
    informs · locates · Late Bronze production contexts

    Supports identification and archaeological location of Timna Valley; the point is a representative site locator, not an excavation footprint.

  • date assertion Timna Valley — date assertion
    informs · provides archaeological observation · Late Bronze production contexts

    Supports the site description, phase range, or principal research relevance.

  • event Late Bronze Egyptian-linked copper production at Timna
    Evidence confidence: high
    informs · provides archaeological observation · Late Bronze production contexts

    Direct industrial evidence.

  • entity Timna Valley
    Evidence confidence: high
    informs · provides archaeological observation · Late Bronze production contexts

    Supports the site description, phase range, or principal research relevance.

  • date assertion Late Bronze Egyptian-linked copper production at Timna — date assertion
    Evidence confidence: high
    informs · provides archaeological observation · Late Bronze production contexts

    Direct industrial evidence.

  • geography assertion Negev and Arabah — geography assertion
    Evidence confidence: low
    informs · provides archaeological observation · Late Bronze production contexts

    Anchors the western Arabah and demonstrates long-term production history.

  • relationship Timna Valley — located in — Negev and Arabah
    Evidence confidence: high
    informs · provides archaeological observation · Late Bronze production contexts

    Supports the site description, phase range, or principal research relevance.