Bronze Age World

Reading ancient testimony

Ask who produced the document, for whom, and for what purpose. Distinguish its ancient creation from its modern edition or translation. Survival and excavation shape what can be read today.

Use the linked edition and reliability notes for the author, audience, transmission and limits of this particular source. Missing information is not an assurance of neutrality.

Document and modern access

Type: journal article and strontium-isotope dataset
Publication: Scientific Reports, vol. 16, Article 8800

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

date assertion Eastern Sudan and Nubia interaction zone — date assertion
informs · provides archaeological observation · Results and chronological discussion
Adds direct mobility evidence for sampled communities.
date assertion Jebel Mokram Group — date assertion
informs · provides archaeological observation · Chronology, isotope results and mobility discussion
Adds direct evidence for changing mobility among sampled individuals.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · 87Sr/86Sr isotope results and mobility interpretation
Provides direct but sampled mobility evidence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · 87Sr/86Sr isotope results and mobility interpretation
Provides direct but sampled mobility evidence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · provides archaeological observation · 87Sr/86Sr isotope results and mobility interpretation
Provides direct but sampled mobility evidence.
claim Gash Group and Jebel Mokram Group are archaeological classifications, not direct ethnic or linguistic identities.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · Isotope results
Demonstrates varied mobility among sampled individuals.
claim Changing isotope signatures and settlement patterns among Jebel Mokram communities indicate variable mobility, not a single mass-migration event.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · Results and diachronic mobility discussion
Provides direct individual-level mobility evidence.
claim Eastern Sudan, highland agriculture, pastoral mobility and inland exchange must be treated as active systems in their own right rather than as passive extensions of external Red…
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · Mobility results
Provides direct evidence for local and non-local movement.
property Pastoral component
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · Isotope results and mobility discussion
Provides direct evidence for varied mobility among sampled individuals.
entity Eastern Sudan and Nubia interaction zone
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · Results and chronological discussion
Adds direct mobility evidence for sampled communities.
entity Jebel Mokram Group
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · provides archaeological observation · Chronology, isotope results and mobility discussion
Adds direct evidence for changing mobility among sampled individuals.
event Jebel Mokram mobility and pastoral systems
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · 87Sr/86Sr isotope results and mobility interpretation
Provides direct but sampled mobility evidence.
property assignment Jebel Mokram Group — has property — Pastoral component
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · Isotope results
Provides individual mobility evidence.
causal hypothesis Jebel Mokram mobility was a flexible adaptation linking pastoral and exchange systems
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · provides archaeological observation · Oscillating mobility results
Provides individual-level evidence.
date assertion Jebel Mokram mobility and pastoral systems — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · provides archaeological observation · 87Sr/86Sr isotope results and mobility interpretation
Provides direct but sampled mobility evidence.