Bronze Age World

Citation metadata

Type: peer-reviewed journal article
Publication: Complutum, vol. 36, no. 2, 423–448
Peer reviewed: Yes

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date assertion Iberian Mediterranean coast interaction frame — date assertion
informs · contextualizes · pp. 423–448
Provides a critical review of claimed Mediterranean contacts.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides the evidentially minimalist review.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides the evidentially minimalist review.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides a check against overextended contact models.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides a check against overextended contact models.
date assertion Iberian Pyrite Belt mineral landscape — date assertion
informs · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Cautions against converting resource potential into unsupported long-distance contact claims.
date assertion Central Mediterranean metal and technology exchange model — date assertion
informs · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides a minimalist check on broader contact claims.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides a check against overextended contact models.
entity Iberian Mediterranean coast interaction frame
Evidence confidence: high
supports · contextualizes · pp. 423–448
Provides a critical review of claimed Mediterranean contacts.
relationship Sant’Imbenia — contains material possibly sourced from — Iberian Pyrite Belt mineral landscape
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Cautions against converting provenance into direct contact.
property Modern analytical model
Evidence confidence: high
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Demonstrates the need to distinguish models from direct evidence.
event Possible Iberian metal signatures in late ninth- to eighth-century Sant’Imbenia assemblages
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides a check against overextended contact models.
date assertion Intermittent and often indirect Mediterranean exchange involving Iberian communities — date assertion
Evidence confidence: low
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides the evidentially minimalist review.
date assertion Possible Iberian metal signatures in late ninth- to eighth-century Sant’Imbenia assemblages — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides a check against overextended contact models.
entity Iberian Pyrite Belt mineral landscape
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Cautions against converting resource potential into unsupported long-distance contact claims.
entity Central Mediterranean metal and technology exchange model
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides a minimalist check on broader contact claims.
event Intermittent and often indirect Mediterranean exchange involving Iberian communities
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · critiques interpretation · pp. 423–448
Provides the evidentially minimalist review.
date assertion Intermittent and often indirect Mediterranean exchange involving Iberian communities — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · dates · See linked source chronology or phase model
A more conservative range for classes of securely Mediterranean-linked material.
claim Before the ninth century BCE, many claimed Mediterranean connections with Iberia are better modelled as intermittent or indirect than as permanent colonies.
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports · pp. 423–448
Provides the minimalist evidential review.
claim A Phoenician-associated object does not by itself prove a resident merchant, colony or direct eastern voyage.
Evidence confidence: very high
supports · supports · pp. 423–448
Critiques overextended contact claims.