Bronze Age World

Citation metadata

Type: journal article
Publication: Antiquity, vol. 88, no. 341, 757–774
Peer reviewed: Yes

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

property Fortified highland centre
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Fortress settlement systems
Source linked to property record prop_srsc1_fortified_highland_center.
event Earliest fortified occupation at Oğlanqala
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Oğlanqala settlement-system analysis
Places the site in its fortress landscape.
claim ‘Cyclopean’ should be used only as a descriptive legacy term for large dry-stone masonry, not as an ethnic, chronological, or causal label.
Evidence confidence: near certain
contextualizes · contextualizes · Highland fortification systems
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_cyclopean_descriptive_only.
date assertion Earliest fortified occupation at Oğlanqala — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Oğlanqala settlement-system analysis
Places the site in its fortress landscape.
entity Nakhchivan Late Bronze–Early Iron Age fortress and cemetery assemblages
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_nakhchivan_lba_eia_assemblages.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · contextualizes · Oğlanqala settlement-system analysis
Places the site in its fortress landscape.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · contextualizes · Oğlanqala settlement-system analysis
Places the site in its fortress landscape.
date assertion Nakhchivan Late Bronze–Early Iron Age fortress and cemetery assemblages — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Nakhchivan and middle Araxes corridor — date assertion
informs · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
date assertion Oğlanqala — date assertion
informs · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · supports distribution and interpretation · Settlement-system analysis and conclusions
Models highland fortress-polities and their settlement systems.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · supports distribution and interpretation · Settlement-system analysis and conclusions
Models highland fortress-polities and their settlement systems.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · supports distribution and interpretation · Settlement-system analysis and conclusions
Models highland fortress-polities and their settlement systems.
causal hypothesis Fortress systems as institutions of labour, storage, ritual, and competition
Evidence confidence: moderate
proposes · proposes interpretation · Fortress-polity model
Source linked to causal_hypothesis record hyp_srsc1_fortress_institutional_competition.
ranked model Competitive fortress and ritual-centre networks
Evidence confidence: moderate
proposes · proposes interpretation · Fortress-polity model
Source linked to ranked_model record model_srsc1_2_fortress_networks.
entity Nakhchivan and middle Araxes corridor
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
Source linked to entity record geo_srsc1_nakhchivan.
claim Any polygon for this release must identify whether it represents archaeological distribution, interaction, environmental region, or political control.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · provides case · Settlement-system interpretation
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_polygons_need_evidence_type.
entity Oğlanqala
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
Source linked to entity record site_srsc1_oglanqala.
relationship Oğlanqala — key site for — Nakhchivan Late Bronze–Early Iron Age fortress and cemetery assemblages
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_oglanqala_key_site_for.
claim A mountain pass or river valley is a possible corridor, not evidence that a particular people, army, or commodity moved through it.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports · Settlement systems and landscape
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_mountain_passes_not_automatic_routes.
claim Fortified centres do not independently prove centralized territorial states.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports and qualifies · Fortress-polity analytical model
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_fortresses_not_states.
property assignment Oğlanqala — has property — Fortified highland centre
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports assignment · Fortification and settlement context
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_oglanqala_fortified.
date assertion Development of fortified settlement systems in Nakhchivan — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports distribution and interpretation · Settlement-system analysis and conclusions
Models highland fortress-polities and their settlement systems.
event Development of fortified settlement systems in Nakhchivan
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports distribution and interpretation · Settlement-system analysis and conclusions
Models highland fortress-polities and their settlement systems.
claim No fixed political or culture polygon was sufficiently reproducible and source-supported for inclusion in this release.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports exclusion · Analytical settlement systems rather than fixed borders
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_no_defensible_release_polygon.