Bronze Age World

Reading ancient testimony

Ask who produced the document, for whom, and for what purpose. Distinguish its ancient creation from its modern edition or translation. Survival and excavation shape what can be read today.

Use the linked edition and reliability notes for the author, audience, transmission and limits of this particular source. Missing information is not an assurance of neutrality.

Document and modern access

Type: journal article and zooarchaeological study
Publication: International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, vol. 27, 329–341

Open DOI or stable record (opens in a new tab)

Records informed by this source

relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · dates · Associated charcoal range 921–801 BCE and later direct date
Provides the distinct dating evidence and cautions.
informs · provides archaeological observation · Faunal identification and Mezber contexts
Provides the chicken remains.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · dates · Associated charcoal range 921–801 BCE and later direct date
Provides the distinct dating evidence and cautions.
informs · provides archaeological observation · Faunal identification and Mezber contexts
Provides the chicken remains.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · dates · Associated charcoal range 921–801 BCE and later direct date
Provides the distinct dating evidence and cautions.
informs · provides archaeological observation · Faunal identification and Mezber contexts
Provides the chicken remains.
entity Western Indian Ocean connections
Evidence confidence: low
informs · proposes interpretation · Discussion of possible transmission pathways
Provides a possible but non-exclusive maritime transfer indicator.
date assertion Western Indian Ocean connections — date assertion
informs · proposes interpretation · Discussion of possible transmission pathways
Provides a possible but non-exclusive maritime transfer indicator.
relationship Early chicken presence at Mezber — possible transfer indicator for — Western Indian Ocean connections
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · proposes interpretation · Discussion of transmission pathways
Provides the possible network interpretation.
claim Early chicken remains at Mezber are compatible with maritime or multi-stage Red Sea and Indian Ocean transmission, but they do not identify a unique route or carrier population.
Evidence confidence: high
informs · proposes interpretation · Discussion of possible maritime and overland transmission
Provides alternative route models.
supports · provides archaeological observation · Mezber faunal identifications and dating
Provides the early chicken evidence.
date assertion Mezber — date assertion
informs · provides archaeological observation · Mezber faunal contexts and radiocarbon discussion
Provides early chicken evidence.
event Early chicken presence at Mezber
Evidence confidence: high
supports · dates · Associated charcoal range 921–801 BCE and later direct date
Provides the distinct dating evidence and cautions.
supports · provides archaeological observation · Faunal identification and Mezber contexts
Provides the chicken remains.
date assertion Early chicken presence at Mezber — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · dates · Associated charcoal range 921–801 BCE and later direct date
Provides the distinct dating evidence and cautions.
supports · provides archaeological observation · Faunal identification and Mezber contexts
Provides the chicken remains.
entity Mezber
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides archaeological observation · Mezber faunal contexts and radiocarbon discussion
Provides early chicken evidence.