What is the evidence?

observation

Many short reigns are attested amid continued use of late Middle Kingdom institutions and material traditions.

Inspect the sources →
Review and provenance

Specialist reviewer: not recorded. Review date: not recorded.

Dataset workflow: proposed. This is separate from specialist review.

Confidence describes the stated assessment; it does not certify expert approval. How review works.

Chronology

Dating intervals may describe uncertainty or phases; their width alone does not establish event duration.

Preferred assertion

1773 BCE–1650 BCE

Precision: range

moderate

Preferred display range for this release. It does not suppress model-specific dates, regnal uncertainty or alternative period boundaries recorded elsewhere.

  • supports · provides chronology and source review
    Second Intermediate Period — Alexander Ilin-Tomich (2016)

    Supports rapid succession, documentation gaps and continuity.


    Locator: Dynasty 13 and source sections

Interpretation and caveats

Rapid royal succession did not immediately erase administration or settlement; chronology remains fragmentary and non-linear.

Event context

Classification

Event type: dynastic and administrative process

Evidence layer: historical and archaeological

Timeline role: regional core

Why it matters to the timeline

Bridges the Middle Kingdom and Second Intermediate Period without a false abrupt collapse.

Research notes

  • Supports rapid succession, documentation gaps and continuity. Role: provides chronology and source review. Locator: Dynasty 13 and source sections.

Evidence and sources

  • supports · provides chronology and source review
    Second Intermediate Period — Alexander Ilin-Tomich (2016)

    Supports rapid succession, documentation gaps and continuity.


    Locator: Dynasty 13 and source sections

Where to go next

Referenced records