Bronze Age World

Citation metadata

Type: academic monograph
Publication: Cambridge University Press
Peer reviewed: Yes

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Records informed by this source

event Colchian settlement continuity and regional reorganization
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapter 10: Colchian culture
Provides regional settlement and chronology synthesis.
event Regional reorganization after the Trialeti–Vanadzor tradition
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapters 7–8
Synthesizes the transition into fortress systems.
date assertion Talysh–Mugan cemetery systems across mountain and Caspian zones — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Eastern South Caucasian and Caspian sequences
Provides cross-border comparison.
event Talysh–Mugan cemetery systems across mountain and Caspian zones
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Eastern South Caucasian and Caspian sequences
Provides cross-border comparison.
relationship Colchian archaeological tradition — material similarity and interaction — Tli necropolis
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Koban and Colchian chapters
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_colchian_tli_material_similarity.
relationship Karmir Berd tradition — partly precedes and overlaps — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Middle-to-Late Bronze transition
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_karmir_berd_precedes_lchashen_metsamor.
relationship Sos Höyük — cross regional comparison — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Southern Caucasus and Anatolian comparison
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_sos_hoyuk_caucasus_comparison.
date assertion Late Bronze–Early Iron continuity at Samtavro cemetery — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Southern Caucasian cemetery sequences
Places Samtavro within wider regional developments.
event Late Bronze–Early Iron continuity at Samtavro cemetery
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Southern Caucasian cemetery sequences
Places Samtavro within wider regional developments.
event Use of the Tli necropolis
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapters 9–10
Places Tli between Koban and Colchian research traditions.
date assertion Use of the Tli necropolis — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapters 9–10
Places Tli between Koban and Colchian research traditions.
event Late Kayakent–Kharachoi phase in the eastern North Caucasus
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapters 8–9
Places eastern North Caucasian sequences in wider context.
relationship Srubnaya archaeological horizon — possible interaction not identity — Koban culture
Evidence confidence: low
contextualizes · contextualizes · North Caucasus and steppe relations
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_steppe_north_caucasus_mobility.
event Koban mortuary and metallurgical systems in the early first millennium BCE
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapter 9
Synthesizes Koban metallurgy, settlement, and burial evidence.
date assertion Colchian settlement continuity and regional reorganization — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapter 10: Colchian culture
Provides regional settlement and chronology synthesis.
date assertion Regional reorganization after the Trialeti–Vanadzor tradition — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapters 7–8
Synthesizes the transition into fortress systems.
claim Stable identifiers should remain independent of disputed modern place names and political claims.
Evidence confidence: near certain
contextualizes · contextualizes · Cross-border site and region naming
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_contested_names_neutral_ids.
claim Similarities among Tli, western Georgian, and Koban artefacts support interaction or shared repertoires but do not define a political territory.
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Koban and Colchian chapters
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_tli_similarities_not_territory.
date assertion Late Kayakent–Kharachoi phase in the eastern North Caucasus — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapters 8–9
Places eastern North Caucasian sequences in wider context.
date assertion Regional reorganization after the Trialeti–Vanadzor tradition — date assertion
Evidence confidence: low
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapters 7–8
Synthesizes the transition into fortress systems.
date assertion Koban mortuary and metallurgical systems in the early first millennium BCE — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · contextualizes · Chapter 9
Synthesizes Koban metallurgy, settlement, and burial evidence.
date assertion Emergence of Koban archaeological traditions — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · dates and contextualizes · Chapter 9: Koban Culture, 1400–600 BCE
Provides the broad culture sequence.
date assertion Emergence of Koban archaeological traditions — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · dates and contextualizes · Chapter 9: Koban Culture, 1400–600 BCE
Provides the broad culture sequence.
event Emergence of Koban archaeological traditions
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · dates and contextualizes · Chapter 9: Koban Culture, 1400–600 BCE
Provides the broad culture sequence.
event Development of the Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8: Southern Caucasus 1500–800 BCE
Provides broad chronology and regional synthesis.
date assertion Development of the Lchashen–Metsamor horizon — date assertion
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8: Southern Caucasus 1500–800 BCE
Provides broad chronology and regional synthesis.
date assertion Development of the Lchashen–Metsamor horizon — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8: Southern Caucasus 1500–800 BCE
Provides broad chronology and regional synthesis.
date assertion Development of Khojaly–Gadabay regional traditions — date assertion
Evidence confidence: low
contextualizes · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8 regional culture sequences
Provides cross-border synthesis.
event Development of Khojaly–Gadabay regional traditions
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8 regional culture sequences
Provides cross-border synthesis.
date assertion Development of Khojaly–Gadabay regional traditions — date assertion
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8 regional culture sequences
Provides cross-border synthesis.
entity Colchian archaeological tradition
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_colchian_culture.
entity Khojaly–Gadabay horizon
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_khojaly_gadabay_horizon.
entity Talysh–Mugan archaeological horizon
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_talysh_mugan_culture.
entity Kayakent–Kharachoi culture
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_kayakent_kharachoi_culture.
entity Trialeti–Vanadzor tradition
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_trialeti_vanadzor_tradition.
entity Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_lchashen_metsamor_horizon.
entity Koban culture
Evidence confidence: high
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_koban_culture.
entity Lchashen–Tsitelgori horizon
Evidence confidence: moderate
contextualizes · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
Source linked to entity record arch_srsc1_lchashen_tsitelgori_horizon.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 8–9
Places eastern North Caucasian sequences in wider context.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 8–9
Places eastern North Caucasian sequences in wider context.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · contextualizes · Chapter 9
Synthesizes Koban metallurgy, settlement, and burial evidence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · contextualizes · Chapter 9
Synthesizes Koban metallurgy, settlement, and burial evidence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 7–8
Synthesizes the transition into fortress systems.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 7–8
Synthesizes the transition into fortress systems.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 7–8
Synthesizes the transition into fortress systems.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 7–8
Synthesizes the transition into fortress systems.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapter 10: Colchian culture
Provides regional settlement and chronology synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapter 10: Colchian culture
Provides regional settlement and chronology synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapter 10: Colchian culture
Provides regional settlement and chronology synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 9–10
Places Tli between Koban and Colchian research traditions.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 9–10
Places Tli between Koban and Colchian research traditions.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Chapters 9–10
Places Tli between Koban and Colchian research traditions.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · contextualizes · Southern Caucasian cemetery sequences
Places Samtavro within wider regional developments.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · contextualizes · Southern Caucasian cemetery sequences
Places Samtavro within wider regional developments.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Eastern South Caucasian and Caspian sequences
Provides cross-border comparison.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Eastern South Caucasian and Caspian sequences
Provides cross-border comparison.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · contextualizes · Eastern South Caucasian and Caspian sequences
Provides cross-border comparison.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · dates and contextualizes · Chapter 9: Koban Culture, 1400–600 BCE
Provides the broad culture sequence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · dates and contextualizes · Chapter 9: Koban Culture, 1400–600 BCE
Provides the broad culture sequence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · dates and contextualizes · Chapter 9: Koban Culture, 1400–600 BCE
Provides the broad culture sequence.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8 regional culture sequences
Provides cross-border synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8 regional culture sequences
Provides cross-border synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8: Southern Caucasus 1500–800 BCE
Provides broad chronology and regional synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8: Southern Caucasus 1500–800 BCE
Provides broad chronology and regional synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8: Southern Caucasus 1500–800 BCE
Provides broad chronology and regional synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: high
informs · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8: Southern Caucasus 1500–800 BCE
Provides broad chronology and regional synthesis.
relationship Research record — associated with
Evidence confidence: moderate
informs · defines and contextualizes · Chapter 8 regional culture sequences
Provides cross-border synthesis.
date assertion Kayakent–Kharachoi culture — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Talysh–Mugan archaeological horizon — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Colchian archaeological tradition — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Khojaly–Gadabay horizon — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Lchashen–Tsitelgori horizon — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Lchashen–Metsamor horizon — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Trialeti–Vanadzor tradition — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Koban culture — date assertion
informs · defines or contextualizes classification · Relevant chronology, regional synthesis, or assemblage discussion
date assertion Eastern Georgia and middle Kura valleys — date assertion
informs · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
date assertion Western Georgia and Colchian lowlands — date assertion
informs · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
date assertion Armenian Highland and Lake Sevan basins — date assertion
informs · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
date assertion Lower Don and Kuban interaction zone — date assertion
informs · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
date assertion North Caucasus and Ciscaucasia — date assertion
informs · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
date assertion Lchashen — date assertion
informs · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
date assertion Dvin-area Late Bronze Age antecedent sites — date assertion
informs · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
date assertion Tli necropolis — date assertion
informs · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
date assertion Koban type-site area — date assertion
informs · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
date assertion Khojaly archaeological complex — date assertion
informs · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
date assertion Samtavro necropolis — date assertion
informs · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
entity North Caucasus and Ciscaucasia
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
Source linked to entity record geo_srsc1_north_caucasus.
entity Eastern Georgia and middle Kura valleys
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
Source linked to entity record geo_srsc1_eastern_georgia_kura.
entity Lower Don and Kuban interaction zone
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
Source linked to entity record geo_srsc1_lower_don_kuban.
entity Western Georgia and Colchian lowlands
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
Source linked to entity record geo_srsc1_western_georgia_colchis.
entity Armenian Highland and Lake Sevan basins
Evidence confidence: high
supports · defines search frame · Relevant regional chapters or site distributions
Source linked to entity record geo_srsc1_armenian_highland_sevan.
entity Lchashen
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
Source linked to entity record site_srsc1_lchashen.
entity Samtavro necropolis
Evidence confidence: high
supports · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
Source linked to entity record site_srsc1_samtavro_necropolis.
entity Tli necropolis
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
Source linked to entity record site_srsc1_tli_necropolis.
entity Koban type-site area
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
Source linked to entity record site_srsc1_koban_type_site.
entity Dvin-area Late Bronze Age antecedent sites
Evidence confidence: low
supports · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
Source linked to entity record site_srsc1_dvin_plain_lba_cluster.
entity Khojaly archaeological complex
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · provides site or sequence evidence · Relevant site report, synthesis, or gazetteer record
Source linked to entity record site_srsc1_khojaly_complex.
claim ‘Cyclopean’ should be used only as a descriptive legacy term for large dry-stone masonry, not as an ethnic, chronological, or causal label.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports · Fortress architecture discussion
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_cyclopean_descriptive_only.
claim Later Urartian frontiers and site distributions cannot be used as maps of earlier Late Bronze and Iron I archaeological systems.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports · Earlier regional archaeological sequences
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_urartian_geography_not_backprojected.
claim Modern nationalist narratives can overstate continuity between archaeological cultures and present nations, so identity claims require explicit source criticism.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports · Cross-border archaeological synthesis
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_nationalist_legacy_requires_source_criticism.
claim The start and internal phases of Koban traditions vary by subregion and should not be assigned one exact date.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Chapter 9
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_koban_chronology_regional.
claim Srubnaya, Trialeti–Vanadzor, Karmir Berd, Lchashen–Metsamor, Khojaly–Gadabay, Koban, Colchian, and Talysh–Mugan are archaeological classifications, not demonstrated ethnic or li…
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports · Chapters 8–10
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_culture_labels_not_ethnicity.
claim Modern national and administrative borders are locators only and do not define the extent of Late Bronze or Early Iron Age systems.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports · Cross-border regional synthesis
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_modern_borders_are_locators.
claim The end of Trialeti–Vanadzor traditions and the formation of successor Late Bronze systems were asynchronous and regionally varied.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Chapters 7–8 transition synthesis
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_trialeti_end_asynchronous.
claim Lchashen–Metsamor is internally diverse and overlaps with Sevan–Artsakh, Lchashen–Tsitelgori, and Khojaly–Gadabay classifications.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Chapter 8
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_lchashen_metsamor_internal_diversity.
claim Khojaly–Gadabay material distributions do not establish a fixed political territory or a single national or ethnic predecessor.
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports · Regional distribution and chronology
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_khojaly_gadabay_not_fixed_territory.
relationship Koban culture — overlapping interaction zone — Colchian archaeological tradition
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports · Chapters 9–10 and boundary-zone discussion
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_koban_colchian_contact_zone.
relationship Lchashen–Tsitelgori horizon — partly overlapping classification — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports · Chapter 8 regional classifications
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_lchashen_tsitelgori_overlaps_lchashen_metsamor.
relationship Khojaly–Gadabay horizon — partly overlapping distribution — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports · Regional distribution and chronology
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_khojaly_gadabay_overlaps_lchashen_metsamor.
relationship Koban type-site area — type site for — Koban culture
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_koban_type_site_type_site_for.
relationship Lchashen — key site for — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_lchashen_key_site_for.
relationship Metsamor — key site for — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_metsamor_key_site_for.
relationship Tsaghkahovit fortress — associated with regional horizon — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_tsaghkahovit_fortress_associated_with_regional_horizon.
relationship Gegharot — associated with regional horizon — Lchashen–Metsamor horizon
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_gegharot_associated_with_regional_horizon.
relationship Khojaly archaeological complex — type site for — Khojaly–Gadabay horizon
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_khojaly_complex_type_site_for.
relationship Tava Tepe — provisionally associated with — Khojaly–Gadabay horizon
Evidence confidence: moderate
supports · supports · Site sequence and classification
Source linked to relationship record rel_srsc1_tava_tepe_provisionally_associated_with.
property assignment Kayakent–Kharachoi culture — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_kayakent_kharachoi_culture_arch_label.
property assignment Kobiakovo culture — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_kobiakovo_culture_arch_label.
property assignment Post-Srubnaya steppe complexes — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_post_srubnaya_complexes_arch_label.
property assignment Berezhnovka–Maevka Srubnaya variant — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_berezhnovka_maevka_variant_arch_label.
property assignment Srubnaya archaeological horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_srubnaya_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Colchian archaeological tradition — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_colchian_culture_arch_label.
property assignment Talysh–Mugan archaeological horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_talysh_mugan_culture_arch_label.
property assignment Nakhchivan Late Bronze–Early Iron Age fortress and cemetery assemblages — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_nakhchivan_lba_eia_assemblages_arch_label.
property assignment Begazy–Dandybai culture — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_begazy_dandybai_culture_arch_label.
property assignment Manas group — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_manas_group_arch_label.
property assignment Bilozerka archaeological horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_bilozerka_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Marlik elite cemetery horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_marlik_cemetery_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Hasanlu V and Iron I horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_hasanlu_v_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Khojaly–Gadabay horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_khojaly_gadabay_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Lchashen–Tsitelgori horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_lchashen_tsitelgori_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Sevan–Artsakh horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_sevan_artsakh_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Lchashen–Metsamor horizon — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_lchashen_metsamor_horizon_arch_label.
property assignment Karmir Berd tradition — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_karmir_berd_tradition_arch_label.
property assignment Trialeti–Vanadzor tradition — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_trialeti_vanadzor_tradition_arch_label.
property assignment Koban culture — has property — Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports · supports assignment · Regional culture classification and cautions
Source linked to property_assignment record pa_srsc1_koban_culture_arch_label.
claim No fixed political or culture polygon was sufficiently reproducible and source-supported for inclusion in this release.
Evidence confidence: high
supports · supports exclusion · Regional maps and narrative distributions
Source linked to claim record claim_srsc1_no_defensible_release_polygon.
property Archaeological label, not an ethnicity
Evidence confidence: near certain
supports_with_caveat · defines classification limit · Chapters 8–10
Source linked to property record prop_srsc1_archaeological_label_not_ethnicity.